Although the pet is acting normal, this is an exceptionally dangerous stage, as it is easy to feel that the pet is getting better and may not need to be evaluated by a veterinarian for treatment. Some pets experience increased heart rate and respiratory rates. Stage 2: 12-24 hours after ingestion, many pets appear to act normal.Rarely more severe signs are seen at this stage like seizures and coma. Other symptoms include a lack of appetite, drooling, vomiting and an increase in drinking and urination. Stage 1: 0-12 hours after ingestion, many pets initially act drunk and stumble, as they can experience nervous system signs.Once ingested, ethylene glycol poisoning typically follows three stages: Delays in recognition of exposure and subsequent treatment often results in fatal outcomes. Antifreeze (Ethylene Glycol) poisoning remains one of the few toxins that we have an antidote for, but early recognition and administration of the antidote is imperative to successful outcomes. For example, 2 tablespoons (30 ml) could be lethal to a 15 pound dog, and ½ teaspoon (2-3 ml) is lethal to a 10 pound cat. Very small amounts of ethylene glycol can cause kidney failure and death (Lethal dose in dogs is 2-3 ml/lb and 0.64 ml/lb in the cat).
Antifreeze contains ethylene glycol, which when metabolized by the liver, creates toxic metabolites that cause damage to kidneys. As we head into the cooler months, it is a good time to remind everyone of the dangers of antifreeze ingestion in dogs and cats.
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